Urban Design, Climate Destiny: Integrating Urban Design into Global Climate Action Strategy

This research explores the transformative potential of urban design as a core strategy for mitigating climate change. It contrasts the environmental and socio-economic impacts of compact, mixed-use urban forms with sprawling, low-density developments. Findings indicate that “gentle density” cities—characterised by walkability, public transit access, and localised amenities—emit significantly less per capita carbon compared to their national averages. Sprawl, conversely, is linked to higher emissions due to increased car dependency, energy demands, and resource-intensive land use, leading to loss of carbon sinks and biodiversity.

The study highlights urban infill and densification as highly effective approaches under local government control to reduce emissions. Additionally, climate-aligned urbanism not only lowers emissions but also boosts economic activity and improves health and accessibility outcomes. A people-centred approach to urban planning, coupled with supportive policy and infrastructure investment, is essential to building resilient, climate-friendly cities that meet both ecological and community needs.