Palais des Expositions, the Charleroi Convention Centre/

The Palais des Expositions in Charleroi stands today as a compelling example of how architecture can reinterpret an industrial past to meet contemporary needs. Located in the Walloon region of Belgium, in an area historically shaped by coal mining, known as the Pays Noir, the complex closely reflects the economic and urban evolution of the city.

The original building was conceived in the late 1940s, in the context of post-war reconstruction, and was inaugurated in 1954. Designed by the architect Joseph André, it was a monumental structure of approximately 50,000 m², organised into large exhibition halls arranged around an imposing central foyer. For decades, the venue hosted a wide range of cultural and trade activities, from international exhibitions to sporting events, including facilities such as bowling alleys, tennis courts and even a fire station.

However, the gradual decline of the coal industry from the 1960s onwards had a direct impact on both the city and the building itself. Over time, the complex lost its prominence and was reduced to fragmented and residual uses. By 2015, when the competition for its transformation was launched, the space accommodated activities as diverse as remote-controlled car tracks and skating areas.

The renovation proposal, developed by AgwA and Architecten Jan de Vylder Inge Vinck, adopts a radical strategy based on reduction and reuse. Rather than replacing key elements of the building, such as the central foyer, the architects chose to dismantle its envelope, exposing the concrete structure and transforming it into a series of covered outdoor spaces. This decision not only redefines the spatial experience but also significantly reduces energy consumption, effectively turning what was initially intended as a low-energy building into an almost “zero-energy” intervention.

The project reorganises the complex around a large open atrium that connects different levels through monumental staircases, creating a sequence of squares and internal routes that function as an extension of public space. The intervention also highlights pre-existing industrial elements, such as chimneys and exposed structural components, which evoke the site’s memory.

Budget constraints, considerably lower than originally anticipated, forced a fundamental rethinking of the programme. Instead of expanding the building, its usable area was reduced and flexibility was prioritised. Part of the halls was converted into multi-storey parking, while others continue to host cultural and exhibition activities. At the same time, landscape design plays a key role: the removal of impermeable surfaces allows for the creation of a continuous green park that integrates native vegetation and restores the natural character of the terrain.

This approach can be understood as a form of “architectural archaeology”, where each decision, whether demolition, conservation or adaptation, is based on a careful assessment of the existing structure’s value. Original materials are reused wherever possible, and new elements are introduced through a logic of minimal intervention. Even the colour palette recalls former uses, helping to re-establish an emotional connection with the building.

More than a conventional renovation, the project proposes a different way of thinking about architecture: not as replacement, but as gradual transformation. The result is an open, adaptable space deeply connected to its historical context, demonstrating how constraints, economic, technical or regulatory, can become opportunities for innovative solutions.

This approach has been widely recognised, culminating in the project being awarded the 2026 Mies van der Rohe Award, which highlights its ability to reactivate a large existing building through a precise, sustainable and conceptually ambitious intervention.

• Landscape architect: Denis Dujardin
• Interior design studio: Doorzon Interieurarchitecten
• Structural and building physics engineers: Bureau Greisch
• Fire safety and accessibility consultants: Delta GC
• Acoustics consultants: PROGRS
• Client (public authority): City of Charleroi
• Project management and technical coordination: IGRETEC

• Contractors:

  • Construction company: Bémat
  • Construction company: Moury
  • Construction company: Koeckelberg
  • Construction company: Duchêne

• Photographer: Filip Dujardin